Nuclear fission is a fundamental decay mode of certain nuclei. In this process, the nucleus of a heavy atom splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy. This splitting is usually triggered by the absorption of a neutron and is often accompanied by the release of additional neutrons and gamma radiation.

  In the contemporary nuclear physics research, many observable properties of fissile nuclei carry fundamental information on the pathways in multidimensional collective space corresponding to the different final mass splits obtained in experiments. The up-to-date theoretical approaches are at a level where a number of important aspects of fission process, such as fission barriers, collective inertia, nuclear viscosity, generation of fragment angular momentum can be calculated on the basis of a fully microscopic description of the nuclear fission process.

  Spectroscopic measurements of multiple prompt gamma rays emitted at fission offers a unique way to fix event-by-event data on the fission fragment charge (and mass) and on the exactly identified mass numbers of fragments obtained after termination of the neutron-evaporation cascades. The data are supplemented by information disclosing the angular momentum and excitation energy distributions of fragments at the scission point.