Conducting research on the multidimensional behavioral characteristics, multi-domain biomarkers, and brain neuroimaging mechanisms of cognitive aging heterogeneity (successful-normal-pathological cognitive aging). This includes identifying behavioral influencing factors, brain imaging markers, and genetic mechanisms in successful cognitive aging populations, clarifying the key pathways of 'gene-behavior-brain-cognition,' and exploring feasible methods and intrinsic mechanisms for maintaining cognitive function in the elderly and promoting successful aging. Additionally, investigating potential pathogenic mechanisms and preventive measures for representative groups of pathological cognitive aging, such as mild cognitive impairment and dementia.