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Journal:Renewable Energy

Key Words:Response surface methodology; biodiesel; clinoptilolite; transesterification

Abstract:In this research, a series of Ca-Zr/clinoptilolite catalysts, which are activated at the different calcination temperatures, are synthesized by the simple co-precipitation method and then applied in catalyzing transesterification of the high-acid-value feedstock oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. The acidic and basic sites in the catalyst originate from the synergistic effect of Zr and Ca. The excellent pore structure of the Ca-Zr/clinoptilolite catalyst is conducive to the rapid diffusion of reactant molecules such as triglycerides within the catalyst, thereby enhancing the transesterification efficiency. The Ca-Zr/clinoptilolite catalyst activated at 850°C is preferred as the final catalyst due to the highest catalytic activity in transesterification. The response surface methodology (RSM) with the central composition designs (CCD) is employed to optimize the catalyzed transesterification parameters of the methanol to oil molar ratio, catalyst amount, and reaction temperature at the fixed reaction duration of 180 minutes. At the methanol to oil molar ratio of 17.7, catalyst amount of 7 wt.%, and reaction temperature of 131°C, the highest biodiesel yield of 97.43% is achieved. On the whole, the Ca-Zr/clinoptilolite catalyst exhibits the great acid resistance capability and stability in catalyzing transesterification of the high-acid-value feedstock oil for biodiesel production.

All the Authors:Abulikemu Abulizi,Yang Xu,Xin Li,Yue Zheng,Yujie Wei,Yujiao Zhang,Yanan Hao,Sitong Liu,Jisen Liu,Zihao Yang

First Author:Jie Zhu

Indexed by:Journal paper

Correspondence Author:Shengli Niu* (*the corresponding author)

Discipline:Engineering

First-Level Discipline:Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics

Document Type:J

Translation or Not:no

Date of Publication:2025-04-01

Included Journals:SCI