摘要：
Technologies to achieve specific and precise genome editing, such as knock-in and knock-out, are critical for deciphering the functions of a gene and for understanding fundamental biological processes. Compared with the zinc finger nucleases (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), which have been used for genome editing, the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) system has emerged as a new powerful tool for genome modifications. It has recently been adopted for genome editing in human cell lines, mouse, zebrafish, C. elegans, and plants.
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